Post 5: Chapter 3 Question 7

In a cell, there are many organelles that have specific functions to keep the body alive. The organelles include the nucleus, nuclear envelope, nucleoli, chromatin, plasma membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, cytoskeleton, and centrioles. The nucleus is like the "headquarters," or the control center for cells. The nucleus is bounded by the nuclear envelope, a double membrane barrier. The nucleoli are sites where ribosomes are assembled. Chromatin are loose networks of bumpy threads that are formed by DNA combining with protein when a cell is not dividing. The plasma membrane is a fragile, transparent barrier the separates the cell contents from the surrounding environment. Cytoplasm is the cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane. It is the "factory area" of the cell. Mitochondrion are threadlike or sausage-shaped organelles are the "powerhouses" of the cells. Mitochondrion carry out the reactions in which oxygen is used to break down foods and turn it into ATP, which is energy for the body. Ribosomes are tiny, dark bodies maed of proteins and RNA. They are the sits of protein synthesis. There are two different types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) called the rough ER and the smooth ER. The rough ER is studded by ribosomes and is the like the cell's membrane factory. The smooth ER functions in lipid metabolism and detoxifies drugs and pesticides. The golgi apparatus look like a stack of flattened mebraneous sacs with swarms of tiny vesicles and is the "traffic director" for celluar proteins. Lysosomes are membraneous "bags" that contain digestive enzymes. Peroxisomes are membraneous sacs cantaining oxidase enxymes to detoxify harful or poisonous substances. The cytoskeleton is a network of protein structures that extends throughout the cytoplasm and acts as a cell's "bones and muscles" by furnishing an internal framework. The last organelles are centrioles. They are rod-shaped bodies that lie at right angles to each other and are internally made up of fine microtubules. They direct the formation of the mitotic spindle. In conclusion, there are many organelles in a cell that keeps the body alive and they protect it from dangerous substances, filtering out good and bad things in the body.